The Great Paper Chase  - K3
For Epson K3 Printing on Matte Papers

Part of a Series on Fine Art Black and White Digital Printing
Revised April 3, 2008

Copyright © 2004-2008 Clayton Jones
All Rights Reserved

by Clayton Jones

 Go To Contents

There are so many good papers available now it is hard to decide which ones to use.  It is too expensive to buy and test them all.  To help make some sense of it I have tested a number of popular papers and have compiled a list of them here with brief descriptions, in the hope that it will be of some help in making a decision. 

Notes:
1) This is not a complete list of all papers available, just matte  papers that I have tried with K3 inks.  It contains some papers that were not tested for the Eboni report. 

2) Even though K3 is a multi-tone ink set, the K inks are carbon based pigments, so the comments about ink color in the Eboni report still apply and I have included them here.  Different papers do tend to render K3 blacks in warmer or cooler tones similar to Eboni. 

3) My K3 observations are primarily focused on dmax, so tests were conducted with just this image, which has a pure black background.
 
`

 

 
 

This is not a perfect scientific study, but merely my own observations and impressions, so please don't treat this as the final truth.  It is just a general guide to provide some idea of what these papers are like. 

4)  The test prints can be distinctly sorted by paper color into seven shades of white, by ink color (from the Eboni test) into seven shades of black, and by Dmax as measured by a colorimeter (thanks to Steve Karafyllakis for doing the readings). 

Note: Not every image needs eye-popping Dmax.  Other properties, such as contrast, tone, and the ink/paper color relationship are equally important.  A paper shouldn't be dismissed just because it doesn't have the highest Dmax rating. 

Dmax - In this group of papers the dmax ranges from 1.54 to 1.75.
I find that 1.58 is the minimum acceptable for images where dmax is not a major factor (such as higher key images with small amounts of black).  For images where dmax is important, 1.65 or greater is necessary.  From my own experience over time with a variety of papers, inks and images,  I grade dmax values like this:

Excellent - 1.70
Very Good - 1.65
Good - 1.60
Fair - 1.55
Poor - 1.40 (lowest reading I've seen, Schoellershammer Velvet)

I have gotten beautiful prints on lower dmax papers with images that have small amounts of pure black in them.  Some of those papers take the ink nicely and are quite beautiful in every other regard.

Paper Color -  A "White value" range from W1 to W7, where W1 is pure bright white and W7 is the warmest of the cream colored papers. 

Ink color - A "Black value" range of B1 to B7, described in terms of how Eboni ink is rendered from cold to warm:
 B1 - Cold; blacks look black or "neutral"
 B2 - Cool; blacks not pure black, but not warm either
 B3 - Slightly warm - beginning to look brown instead of black
 B4 - Moderately warm
 B5 - Medium warm 
 B6 - Very warm
 B7 - Extremely warm 

Note: K3 inks allow us to get a range of tones from warm to cool.  Since ABW mode uses predominantly carbon-based K inks with color pigments added only as toners, these papers will influence these inks toward the tones described here.  So while not completely relevant for a variable tone system, these ink color reports can still be useful.  For example, if you want to make a cold tone print, using a warm tone paper will require a greater amount of cool toner.  This can make a visible difference, both in overall coloration (bluish/greenish/magenta tints will be visible in certain zones) and the crossover effect (mismatch between ink and paper colors) caused by the warmer paper showing in the highlights.  Starting with a cold tone paper can reduce the amount of toner required.  The same is true for warm tone prints.  Printing warm on a cool paper will introduce more warm toners.  The best results are obtained when using a paper that is as close as possible to the desired tone to begin with


5) The papers are listed below in a Contents chart grouped by manufacturer, with links to comments below.

 

Some Abbreviations Used In The Comments

H.
HMTN

PR
VFA
EEM

OBA
 
- Hahnemuhle                       Paper Makers
- Hawk Mountain
-
- Photo Rag by H.                           Papers
- Velvet Fine Art by Epson
- Epson Enhanced Matte (proof paper)

- Optical Brightening Agents
 

Contents  -  21 Papers

This is still a Work In Progress - Some papers not finished testing
 

Paper Name Type OBA W B Dmax
Condor BW by Hawk Mountain 100% Cotton Yes W1.5 B1.5  
Condor Natural by Hawk Mountain 100% Cotton No W5 5.5  
Peregrine Smooth by Hawk Mountain 100% Cotton Yes W4.5 B2  
Peregrine Velvet by Hawk Mountain          
Sparrowhawk by Hawk Mountain          
Merlin Natural by Hawk Mountain 100% Cotton No W5 B5 1.55
Aurora Art by Red River 100% Cotton Yes W3 B4  
Entrada BW by Moab 100% Cotton Yes W2 B3.5 1.58
Photo Rag 308 by Hahnemuhle 100% Cotton Yes W4 B4 1.65
Museum Etching by Hahnemuhle         1.61
Photo Fiba by Innova Alpha Cellulose Yes W3 B4  
Cold Press Art by Innova Alpha Cellulose No W5.5 B5.5 1.66
Soft Textured Art by Innova Alpha Cellulose No W5.5 B5.5 1.62
Hot Press 270 by Premier Art 100% Cotton No W6 B5 1.61
Velvet Fine Art by Epson 100% Cotton Yes W4 B4 1.75
EEM by Epson         1.70
White Velvet by Lumijet         1.63
Gallerie by Ilford         1.63
Matt FB Mp by Harmon         1.58
Museo Max by InteliCoat 100% Cotton No W4.5 B6 1.63
Sunset Fiber Matte by Lexjet         1.61







Comments

There are many formulas for coatings and, happily for us, they render carbon inks in various tones ranging from neutral black to very warm.  Papers also vary in texture, contrast, and how they render shadow separation and highlights, the effects of which vary from one image to another.  I have found that there is not just one paper that is suitable for all images.  After a proof is finished, I make a small print on several papers to decide which will be used for the final prints.  I always look forward to that moment because it is a peak part of the creative experience, when all the hard work is about to bear fruit.  I am often surprised at the winner.
 

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Condor BW
by HMTN

2-sided, medium hard,
slight texture

W1.5

B1.5

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

Yes

 100% Cotton

300gsm

 

Comments

Condor BW is one of the colder toned papers.   Contrast is different than EEM and usually requires an adjustment curve to match the proof.  Being 2-sided makes it more economical for reusing work prints.  One side has a bit more texture than the other.  Some flaking occurs so it should be firmly wiped and brushed.  A very luxurious paper.
 

Back To Contents

This is still a Work In Progress - Some papers not finished testing

 

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Peregrine Smooth
by HMTN

Medium hard, smooth

W4.5

B2

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

Yes

100% Cotton

255gsm

 

Comments

Peregrine (used to be called Merlin) Smooth has some distinct features that set it apart.  First, its ink color with Eboni is cool, giving us another paper that doesn't have the typical brown look of so many inkjet prints.  Also, the paper color is medium warm, which adds warmer highlights to the cool blacks.  This avoids the sometimes harsh look of the cold highlights we get with Condor.  This is one of the "crossover" papers where ink color doesn't closely follow paper color. 

Note:
Peregrine Smooth does not have same long straight line portion of the contrast curve as the original Merlin Smooth, and therefore does not have the same "magic" for mid-tones as the original, as was originally reported here.  It is still a very fine paper.

Because it's contrast is different than EEM, an adjustment curve is usually needed to match the proof.  Flaking can vary widely from one batch to another, so take the usual precautions.  Density also can vary among batches, so an adjustment to the curve may be needed.  It also can have a strong curl if your batch comes from near the center of a master roll.   Peregrine Smooth is significantly different from the mass of other papers out there and in spite of the above issues is worth a look.
 

Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Aurora Art
by Red River

Hard, Smooth

W3

B4

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

Yes

100% Cotton

250gsm

 

Comments

A nice surprise in a low cost paper.  The ink color is nearly identical to PR.  The lower contrast needs a boost to match the proof.  The Dmax is lower, so is best for images where blacks are not dominant.   This is a beautiful paper and does an excellent job in shadow separation..  Paper color is a bit cooler than PR but with PR's ink color, a nice combination.  Minimal flaking, but I always do a firm wipe and brushing.
 

Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Velvet Fine Art
by Epson

Medium texture,
soft surface

W4.3

B4

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

Yes

100% Cotton

260gsm

1.75

Comments

 Velvet Fine Art is a beautiful textured paper with the best Dmax of any matte paper  tested so far, producing prints with a rich depth and glow.  This competes with PhotoRag as one  of the more popular papers.
 

 Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Merlin Natural
by HMTN

hard, smooth,
1 or 2-sided
(be sure to specify
 when ordering)

W5

B5

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

No

100% Cotton

270gsm

1.55 

Comments

Merlin Natural has the same density and very close to the same contrast and nice "glow" as Peregrine Smooth.  Unfortunately it's dmax is not as good with K3 as it was with Eboni, so is best for images without dominant blacks.  Takes K3 inks very well, easy to work with.  A very handsome paper.
 

Back To Contents

This is still a Work In Progress - Some papers not finished testing
 

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Condor Natural
by HMTN

2-sided, hard,
 with a tiny amount of texture

W5

B5.5

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

No

100% Cotton

325gsm

 

Comments

A good 2-sided paper, but bears no resemblance to the cold tone Condor BW.  This paper is quite warm and competes with Premier Art Hot Press, the only other 2-sided paper of this class.  Compared to Hot Press, this does not have quite the depth and richness, has less Dmax, and is not as bright.  It has a slightly cooler paper color (Hot Press is W6).  Has a very nice balanced look.

Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Entrada BW
by Legion

2-sided,
hard, slight texture

W2

B3.5

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

Yes

100% Cotton

300gsm

1.58

Comments

 This paper once had a reputation for very bad flaking problems.  However, in 2005  Moab (now Legion) made changes in their production methods and my testing of a new batch shows it greatly improved in this area.  It does still flake some, so a careful wipe and brushing is standard procedure.   The new paper is also whiter, having moved from W3 to W2.  The ink color is warmer, moving from B2.5 to B3.5, so it is not quite as cool toned as the original. 
 

 Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Photo Rag 308
by Hahnemuhle

Hard, Smooth

W4

B4

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

Yes

100% Cotton

308gsm

1.65

Comments

Photo Rag is one of the most popular and widely used papers.  It's Dmax is very good but not the highest with K3 ink.  A beautiful paper, it produces rich and glowing prints.  Another advantage is that its density and contrast are nearly the same as EEM. Most of the time an image can be printed on PR without needing an adjustment curve, and if one is needed it is usually just a very slight increase in density to make up for the brightness of the paper, usually for higher key images.  It's drawbacks are high price and above average flaking.  I specifically listed the weight, 308, because the lighter 188 version is even worse about flaking (one theory is because it is more flexible), and the percentage of ruined prints is so great as to affect productivity and offset the gain of the lower price.  308 must be firmly wiped and brushed (and even then some flaking occurs).

Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

White Velvet
by Lumijet

Lightly textured, soft surface

W4.5

B6

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

Yes

 

 

1.63

Comments

White Velvet  ....  

Back To Contents

This is still a Work In Progress - Some papers not finished testing
 

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Fiba Photo
by Innova

Very Hard and Smooth

W3

B4

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

Yes

Alpha Cellulose

280gsm

 

Comments

A very smooth, hard surface paper, close to PR in Dmax and contrast.  It also has nice depth, much like PR.   It has a slightly cooler W3 paper color.  The hard surface produces very high resolution of fine detail.  Surface is extremely fragile while wet, so it must be hung to dry before doing any handling.  This paper prints very dark, so a lightening curve is required to match the proof.    Is advertised as designed to emulate fiber silver gelatin paper, and it does have a similar feel, including a stiff curl. 

Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Cold Press Art
by Innova

Hard, deep texture

W5.5

B5.5

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

No

Alpha Cellulose

315gsm

1.66

Comments

A very handsome alpha cellulose paper with the feel of a cotton paper.  Deeply textured.  Like other Innova papers, this paper prints dark, so a lightening curve is required to match the proof.  One of the few alpha cellulose papers with no OBAs.

Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Soft Textured Art
by Innova

Hard, shallow texture

W5.5

B5.5

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

No

Alpha Cellulose

315gsm

1.62

Comments

Similar to Cold Press Art but with a less pronounced texture.  Feels like a fine cotton paper and prints beautifully with K3 inks.   One of the few alpha cellulose papers with no OBAs.  I am told this papers is sold by MIS under the name "Alpha".
 

Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Hot Press 270
by Premier Art

Hard, Smooth

W6

B5

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

No

100% Cotton

270gsm

1.61

Comments

Premier Art Hot Press 270 is a beautiful paper that is preferred by many photographers.  With ink color at B5 and paper at W6, it is at the upper side of the warm range.  Even though the ink color is slightly cooler, prints on Hot Press may appear warmer than on a B6 paper such as WV because of the much warmer midtones and highlights produced by the W6 paper (WV paper is W4.5).  The Dmax is good, but the paper is a bit low in contrast, so a slight boost is needed to match an EEM proof.  In spite of its warm paper color and lack of OBAs, this is a very bright paper.  Competes with Condor Natural, but has a little something special, extra sparkle and depth, which gives it the edge.  A very popular paper among those who like the warm look.

Back To Contents

Paper

Surface

Paper Color

Ink Color

Museo Max
by Crane

1-sided, Medium hard
surface, light texture

W4.5

B6

OBA

Type

Weight

Dmax

No

100% Cotton

250gsm

1.63

Comments

A lightly textured paper with warm ink color.  Has very high contrast which makes the blacks look too blocked up, and prints dark over all.  Requires an adjustment curve to lower the contrast and  density to match the proof and open up the blacks.  Very bright for a non-OBA paper.  With  paper and ink values of 4.5 and 6 it is a very elegant looking paper with warm blacks and  relatively cooler highlights, which keep it from looking as warm as the B6 would suggest.   Dmax is good, but the paper is neither "revolutionary" nor "sets the standard" as the advertising would have us believe.  In spite of the hype, it is a beautiful paper with some exceptional qualities.  It is extremely resistant to scuffing (possibly the toughest I have  tested)  and the blacks do not burnish easily.  These are both very welcome attributes and  make it a top choice for a photo book.  They also say it is "flake free".  I can't verify that, so all the  usual precautions are  recommended.  All things considered, this is a top  notch  paper and  worthy of consideration. 
 

 Back To Contents
 



If you sell prints, try I-Trak

Copyright © 2004-2008 Clayton Jones
All rights reserved.  This article may not be reproduced without express permission of the author

Return to: Home Page | Gallery Entrance | Articles Page